1. Ukwembiwa kolwakhiwo
Ukwembiwa kwendawo yokwakha, ukumba imijelo yamanzi emva kwemvula, iiprojekthi zokulima izityalo zikamasipala, kunye nokumba imibhobho yokufudumeza neyegesi yendalo zezona zizathu ziphambili zokusika umbhobho. Ngaphakathi kwe-1 km ukusuka esiphelweni, indawo yokungena, indawo yokungena kwipali, ngaphakathi kombhobho, kunye nendawo yokugoba kufuneka kujongwe ukuze kuthintelwe ezinye iindawo zokuqhekeka kunye neendawo zokunwebeka.
Ukukwazi ukufikelela kwindawo apho kukho impazamo ngokukhawuleza kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuba ukulungiswa kuhlala ixesha elide. Nje ukuba iqela lokwakha lisike lize lizalise intambo ye-fiber optic, ukulungisa impazamo kuba nzima kakhulu.
Ukuba imingxunya yemibhobho ejikelezileyo igqunyiwe okanye imibhobho yonakele, misela indlela yexeshana kwaye wandise intambo ye-fiber optic ukuze kulungiswe ngokukhawuleza kwindawo ngokukhawuleza. Imeko kwindawo iyinkimbinkimbi; ukuba akunakwenzeka ukumisela ukuba loluphi ucwangciso olukhawulezayo nolusebenzayo, izicwangciso ezininzi ziya kuphunyezwa ngaxeshanye ukuba kukho abasebenzi abaneleyo abakhoyo. Ukufumaneka kwezixhobo zokumba, ezifana neefosholo kunye neepiki, nako yinto ephambili ethintela ixesha lokulungisa. Ukuthintela ukudalwa kwamanqaku amatsha okusilela, ukumba ngoomatshini kufuneka kuthintelwe kwindawo kangangoko kunokwenzeka.
Nje ukuba ukusombulula ingxaki kugqityiwe, kufuneka kubekwe ilitye lokuphawula phezu kwesiqwenga ukuze kukhuselwe ibhokisi ye-fiber optic cable splice. Akukho kufuduswa kwendlela ekhuselekileyo okwethutyana, kwaye kufuneka kwabelwe abasebenzi bokuphawula indawo.
2. Isithuthi siyaxhonywa
Ukuba indawo yempazamo ikwelinye icala lendlela, abasebenzi bokulungisa imeko yongxamiseko kufuneka babeke uphawu lwesilumkiso emva kokufika kwindawo yengozi, bakhethe umntu okhethekileyo ukuba aqondise iimoto, bakhusele ukhuseleko lomntu ngamnye lwabasebenzi bokulungisa imeko yongxamiseko ngexesha lenkqubo yokulungisa, kwaye baphephe ukuphazamiseka kwentambo ye-optical ngexesha lenkqubo yokulungisa.
Xa usebenza ngengxaki yokuwa kwentambo ye-fiber optic, kufuneka uqale wenze uvavanyo lwe-bidirectional kwintambo ye-fiber optic kwindawo yempazamo usebenzisa i-OTDR kwaye ujonge iipali ze-crossover, iibhokisi ze-junction, ii-shims, njl.njl., ngaphakathi koluhlu lwe-3 ukuya kwi-5 pals kuzo zombini iziphelo ze-break point ukuze ubone ukuba kukho nawuphi na umonakalo kwintambo ye-fiber optic. Jonga ezinye iindawo zomonakalo uze uzilungise ngokufanelekileyo.
Xa imoto ixhonyiwe, kufuneka kulungiswe ipali kunye neleli ukuze kuxhaswe intambo ye-fiber optic okwethutyana kwindawo yokunqumla abantu. Emva kokuba ukulungiswa kugqityiwe, indawo yokunqumla abantu kufuneka iphakanyiswe, kulungiswe ukuphakama, kwaye kufakwe uphawu.
3. Umlilo
Ukusilela kwentambo ye-optical okubangelwa yimililo ngokubanzi akubangeli ukuphazamiseka kwenkonzo ngaxeshanye, kwaye ukuphazamiseka kwe-core-by-core kuyinto eqhelekileyo kwiingxaki ezinxulumene nomlilo. Emva kokuba abasebenzi bokulungisa imeko kaxakeka befikile kwindawo, baya kuqala bahlole imeko, bacime umlilo, kwaye bakhusele intambo ye-optical eyonakeleyo. Ukuchonga iintambo ze-optical ngumceli mngeni ophambili ekulungiseni ezi ngxaki. Xa ufika kwindawo apho kukho impazamo khona, musa ukungxama ukusika i-core yentambo ye-fiber optic, ingakumbi ii-cores ezininzi ngaxeshanye. Xa usika, phawula zombini iziphelo zentambo ye-fiber optic ukuze kube lula ukulungisa nokudibanisa ngaphandle kokudibanisa kwakhona intambo ye-fiber optic engalunganga.
Olu hlobo lwempazamo luqinisekisa ukuba zonke iindawo zekhebula ze-optical ezonakeleyo kubushushu obuphezulu ziyasikwa ngaphambi kokuba zifakwe i-solder, ukuze kuthintelwe ukuphinda kusetyenziswe ikhebula le-optical elonakeleyo emva kokuba kuqaliswe ukutywinwa.
4. Ibetha ipali yombane
Intambo ye-fiber optic iqhawulwe ngenxa yokuba imoto yokwakha ibethe ipali yombane. Xa ufika kwindawo yengozi, faka imiqondiso yesilumkiso, vala indawo yokhuseleko ukuze kulungiswe imeko engxamisekileyo, yabela abasebenzi ukuba bayalele abahambi ngeenyawo, kwaye wenze uvavanyo lwe-fiber optic oluya kwicala elinye ngexesha lokulungiswa kwimeko engxamisekileyo ukujonga ezinye iindawo zokuqhekeka. Nje ukuba ukulungiswa kugqityiwe, ipali eyonakeleyo kufuneka itshintshwe ngokukhawuleza kwaye ipeyintwe kwakhona ngepeyinti yesilumkiso.
Xa ulungisa olu hlobo lwempazamo, qaphela ukusetyenziswa kwe-OTDR ukwenza uvavanyo lwe-bidirectional kwaye ujonge iindawo apho iipali, ibhokisi yokudibanisa, kunye neendawo ezisele zidlula khona ngaphakathi koluhlu lweepali ezi-3-5 kuzo zombini iziphelo ze-break point ukuze ubone ukuba kukho nawuphi na umonakalo kwi-optical cable. Akukho minye imida yomonakalo, emva koko ijongwa ngokukodwa.
5. Ubusela kunye nokonakalisa impahla
Izigebengu zisika okanye zonakalise intambo ye-fiber optic ngokungekho mthethweni, nto leyo ebangela ukuba ivalwe. Emva kokuba olu hlobo lokusilela lwenzekile, kufuneka kuvavanywe intambo ye-fiber optic kwicala ngalinye xa ifika kwindawo yengozi. Ukusilela okubangelwa bubusela kudla ngokuvela kwiindawo ezikude, kwaye xa kukho iindawo ezininzi zokusika, kulula ukuzifumana. Xa ulungisa, khumbula ukujonga ezinye iindawo zokwaphuka kwindawo engqongileyo. Qala ukongeza i-solder kwaye ufake kwakhona intambo ye-fiber optic kwinqanaba elinye ukuze uphephe ukudibana neendawo zokwaphuka emva kokuba i-solder igqityiwe.
Ingqwalasela yokusombulula umonakalo obangelwe yimpazamo yomntu ikwiindawo ezifikeleleka lula kwindlela yokuhambisa intambo ye-optical. Ngenxa yokuba ezinye iintambo ze-optical ezonakeleyo ziqhekeke kancinci, kunzima ukufumana iindawo zempazamo ngokukhawuleza. Cwangcisa abasebenzi kwindawo yokusebenza ukuba basebenzisane nabasebenzi bokuvavanya kwigumbi lezixhobo ukuze bafumane indawo yentambo ye-optical besebenzisa intambo ye-optical ngokwayo. Emva kokufumanisa indawo yentambo ye-optical ngaphambi nasemva kwendawo yempazamo (ngokufanelekileyo ngaphakathi kweemitha ezili-100), beka intambo ye-optical ngoko nangoko ukuze ithathe indawo ye-cut. Nokuba umonakalo ubangelwe bubusela okanye ukonakalisa, eso siganeko kufuneka sixelwe emapoliseni ngokukhawuleza.
6. Ukulunywa yinja, ukulunywa ziimpuku, ukudutyulwa ziintaka, amanxeba okudutyulwa, njl.njl.
Olu hlobo lokusilela luyinto engenakwenzeka kangako, kwaye ukuqinisa uhlolo lwemihla ngemihla kunye nokukhusela intambo ye-optical kunokuthintela ukungaphumeleli okunjalo. Kwinqanaba lokuqala lokungaphumeleli okunjalo, uninzi lukusilela kwe-single-core. Xa inkonzo ingachaphazeleki kakhulu, i-core echaphazelekayo kuqala idlula ukuze kubuyiselwe inkonzo, kwaye emva koko indawo yempazamo ifumaneka kwaye ichongwe. Ngenxa yobunzima bokufumana impazamo, intambo ye-optical fiber idla ngokulungiswa ngokutshintshwa okanye ngokunqunyulwa.
7. Umbindi uyawohloka ngokwendalo ngenxa yokwaluphala
Ekubeni i-optical fiber yenziwe ngeglasi kunye neeplastiki, ibuthathaka kakhulu. Ngokwethiyori, ukudinwa okungaguqukiyo kuya kwenzeka ngokuhamba kwexesha, kwaye i-optical fiber iya kuguga kancinci kancinci, nto leyo ekhokelela ekuqhekekeni kwe-fiber core yendalo. Nangona kunjalo, xa isetyenziswa ngokwenene, zimbalwa ii-optical cable segments ezinobomi obungaphezulu kweminyaka eli-15, ngoko ke amathuba okuguga kwe-fiber core yendalo aphantsi. Izinto ezinegalelo koku ziquka umonakalo wangaphandle kwi-optical cable, i-non-standardized splice box encapsulation, ii-unqualified fiber splice discs, kunye nomgangatho ophantsi we-splice.
Xa kufikwa kwiingxaki, umbindi uyabuyiselwa kwaye emva koko intambo ye-optical iyalungiswa ngokutshintsha (ukulungisa) i-cut.
8. Iintlekele zemvelo
Phantsi kwengcamango yokuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lomntu, ukulungiswa okungxamisekileyo kuya kugqitywa ngexesha elifutshane kangangoko. Kwimeko yeentlekele zemvelo ezinkulu, ukuphazamiseka konxibelelwano oluxhaphakileyo lweefowuni eziphathwayo kunokwenzeka kakhulu. Abasebenzi bokulungisa okungxamisekileyo kufuneka baxhotyiswe ngee-walkie-talkies okanye ii-mobile phones ezisebenzisa ii-multi-operating ukuqinisekisa unxibelelwano olungenamthungo kuyo yonke inkqubo yokulungisa okungxamisekileyo.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Novemba-18-2022
