Ese insinga ya fiber optique itinya amazi?

Ubwa mbere, fibre optique ntabwo itinya amazi kuko irinzwe. Iyo fibre optique ishyizwe mu mugozi, hari ibintu bibiri bisabwa kuri fibre optique: kimwe ni uko fibre optique iba iri munsi y'umuvuduko muto; ikindi ni uko fibre optique igomba kuba idapfa amazi. Igice cyo hanze cy'umugozi wa fibre optique ni icyuma gikozwe muri pulasitiki, igice cy'imbere ni icyuma gikozwe mu cyuma, naho igice cy'imbere ni icyuma gikingira amazi kibyimba iyo kigeze ku mazi. Igice cy'imbere cy'umugozi gifatanye n'icyuma gifunga n'umugozi.

Insinga y'urumuri ifite inzugi enye zidapfa amazi, ari zo: igipfukisho cya pulasitiki, igipfukisho cy'icyuma, urwego rufunga amazi, n'amavuta yo kwisiga.
Ikibazo rero ni iki, ese fibre itinya amazi? Ese si ikirahure gusa, ni iki gikomeye ku mazi?

Mu by'ukuri, atinya amazi.
Ushobora kwibaza impamvu ibirahuri byo mu bigega by'amafi n'amadirishya byo mu rugo rwawe bidatinya amazi ahubwo bitagira amazi, n'impamvu byose bikozwe mu kirahuri.

Kuki igice cy'imbere cya fibre gitinya amazi?

Muri rusange abantu bizera ko insinga z'amazi zitagira ingaruka ku gice cy'imbere cy'umunyu ngugu kuko ikirahure gifite ubushobozi bwo kwirinda amazi. Ariko, amazi mu by'ukuri yangiza cyane insinga z'amashanyarazi. Iyo amazi yinjiye mu nsinga z'amashanyarazi, yangiza insinga z'amashanyarazi uko zikonjesha kandi zigakwirakwira mu mazi akonje. Kubwibyo, insinga z'amashanyarazi zigomba gusigwa n'icyuma gifunga kugira ngo amazi atinjiramo.

Ubushakashatsi bwerekana ko kwinjira k'ubushuhe mu nsinga y'amashanyarazi igihe kirekire byongera igihombo cya fibre y'amashanyarazi, cyane cyane ku bunini bwa 1.55 pm

Impamvu fibre optique itinya amazi ni uko fibre optique igizwe na tetrahedra y'ikirahure ya silikoni-okisijeni (SiO4) ihujwe hamwe, nk'uko bigaragara ku Ishusho ya 1. Mu rusobe rwa Si-O-Si, atome za ogisijeni ziba mu buryo bw'ibiraro bya ogisijeni.
Ariko, mu kirere kirimo amazi, nyuma y’uko ubuso bw’ikirahure bunyujije umwuka w’amazi, habaho hydrolysis buhoro buhoro, bigatuma silicon-oxygen bond icika mu muyoboro wa mbere —Si —O —Si —, maze ikiraro cya ogisijeni gihinduka ogisijeni idahuza nk’uko bigaragara ku Ishusho ya 2, bigatuma habaho imiturire mu kirahure, kandi imiturire igakomeza gukura.

Byaba ari ikirahuri cy'ikigega cy'amafi, ikirahuri cy'idirishya, cyangwa ikirahuri cya fibre optique, byose bishobora kwangirika n'amazi. Itandukaniro ni uko ikirahuri cy'ikigega cy'amafi n'ikirahuri cy'idirishya bifite ubunini cyane, bifite ubugari bwa mm 3, mm 5, na mm 10. Ndetse n'icyuho cya mm 0.05 ntikizagira ingaruka ku mbaraga z'ikirahuri. Nta mpinduka zigaragara zibaho.

Fibre y'urumuri iratandukanye. Umurambararo w'ikirahure kiri muri fibre y'urumuri ni mm 0.125 gusa, ubunini bungana n'ubw'umusatsi w'umuntu. Iyo habaye isasu rya mm 0.05, umurambararo w'ikirahure cy'urumuri uzaba mm 0.075, bigatuma fibre yoroshye cyane kuyimena. Byongeye kandi, kugaragara kw'imizi ya OH nabyo byongera ubushobozi bw'urumuri rw'urumuri rw'urumuri. Niyo mpamvu ikirahure cy'amafi n'ikirahure cy'amadirishya bitagerwaho n'amazi, mu gihe ikirahure cy'urumuri rw'urumuri gishobora kwangirika n'amazi.

Muri iki gihe, iyo insinga y'amashanyarazi yangiritse, agasanduku k'amashanyarazi kaba kadakora neza kandi fibre yambaye ubusa ikagaragara, igihe cyo kubaho cya fibre y'amashanyarazi kizagabanuka kandi fibre izacika burundu bitewe n'amazi.

Kubwibyo, niba insinga ya fiber optique ishyizwe mu miyoboro y'amazi mabi, uduce tw'insinga tugomba gufatwa neza, kandi niba insinga ya fiber optique ubwayo yangiritse, igomba gusanwa. Ntukemere ko imbere mu nsinga ya fiber optique ihura n'amazi.