Fibre isanzwe yageze ku gahigo k'isi mu gukoresha interineti, irenga urujya n'uruza rw'abantu ku isi bose basura interineti

Itsinda ry’abashakashatsi bo mu Kigo cy’Ubushakashatsi mu by’Itumanaho n’Ikoranabuhanga (NICT) cy’Ubuyapani cyageze ku mubare mushya w’amakuru ku isi wa 1.53 Pbit/s kuri fibre optique ifite umurambararo usanzwe. Ibi bivuze ko urujya n’uruza rw’abantu ku isi yose rushobora kwinjira muri yo.
Iterambere nk'iryo ryatangajwe mu byumweru bibiri bishize: uburebure bwa 1.84 Pbit/s bwagezweho hakoreshejwe laser imwe na chip imwe y'urumuri, agaciro kari hejuru ugereranyije n'akagezweho na ICT, ariko ikibazo ni uko bikiri mu igerageza. Udupira tw'amafoto turi mu cyiciro cyo gushushanya; bityo, ubu bushakashatsi bwa ICT bushobora gushyirwa mu bikorwa vuba.

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Ikoranabuhanga rya Multiplexing: kugera ku muvuduko wa record wa 1.53 Pbit/s
Abashakashatsi bagezeho bandwidth ya 1.53 Pbit/s binyuze mu gukodesha amakuru mu miyoboro 55 itandukanye y’amajwi (uburyo buzwi nka multiplexing). Iyo bandwidth ihagije kugira ngo itware abantu bose basura interineti ku isi (bagera kuri 1 Pbit/s) binyuze mu mugozi umwe wa fiber optique—inshuro miliyoni nziza kurusha umuyoboro wa Gbit (mwiza) umuntu usanzwe afite.
Iri koranabuhanga rikora binyuze mu gukoresha imirongo itandukanye y'urumuri kuri spectrum. Kubera ko buri "bara" riri muri spectrum (igaragara n'itagaragara) rifite umurongo waryo, bitandukanye n'indi mirongo yose, rishobora gutwara amakuru yaryo yihariye. Abashakashatsi bagezeho ubushobozi bwa spectral bwa 332 bits/s/Hz (bits kuri segonda kuri Hertz), inshuro eshatu kurusha uko bagerageje mbere mu 2019, byatumye spectral igera kuri 105 bits/s/Hz.

02
Igenamiterere ry'igerageza: Kohereza amakuru ya C-band ku bunini bw'uburebure 184 butandukanye
Abashakashatsi bohereje neza amakuru ya C-band mu mpande 184 zitandukanye z'uburebure: izi frequencies zigenga, zidahurirana zikoreshwa mu kohereza amakuru icyarimwe mu nsinga ya fiber optique. Urumuri ruhindurwa kugira ngo rwohereze amakuru 55 atandukanye mbere yo koherezwa binyuze mu nsinga ya fiber optique. Iyo rumaze guhindurwa (kimwe n'izindi nsinga nyinshi za fiber optique zikoreshwa ubu), rusaba igice cy'ikirahure kugira ngo rutware amakuru yose. Uko amakuru (afite uburebure 184 n'uburyo 55) yoherezwa, icyuma gifata uburebure butandukanye n'uburyo bwo gukusanya amakuru yacyo. Mu igerageza, intera iri hagati y'icyuma gitanga amakuru n'icyuma gitanga amakuru yashyizwe kuri kilometero 25.9.

① Inkomoko y'urumuri rw'amajwi: Ibimodoka 184 bikorerwa mu isoko y'urumuri rw'amajwi. ② Guhindura ibimenyetso: Urumuri rw'amajwi rukoreshwa n'ibimenyetso 16 bya QAM na multiplexed polarization. ③ Gukora ibimenyetso bya parallel: Ibimenyetso bya buri buryo biragabanywamo ibice, kandi gutinda kw'inzira bikoreshwa mu kwigana imiyoboro y'amakuru yigenga. ④ Uburyo bwo gupima ibimenyetso: Buri kimenyetso gihindurwa mu buryo butandukanye bw'ahantu hanyuma cyoherezwa kuri fibre ya mode 55. ⑤ Fibre ya mode 55: Ikimenyetso gikwirakwira muri fibre ya mode 55 ifite uburebure bwa kilometero 25.9. ⑥ Uburyo bwo gupima ibimenyetso: Kuri receiver, ikimenyetso gitandukanywa muri buri buryo bw'ahantu hanyuma kigahindurwa muri mode shingiro. ⑦ Receiver yihuta cyane: Ikimenyetso cya mode-demultiplexed gishyirwa kuri wavelength-demultiplexed na filter hanyuma kigahindurwamo ikimenyetso cy'amashanyarazi na receiver ihuza ibintu. ⑧ Gutunganya ibimenyetso hanze y'urubuga. Gutunganya MIMO kugira ngo hakurweho kubangamira ibimenyetso mu gihe cyo gukwirakwiza fibre.

Ibisubizo by'igerageza bigaragaza ko nubwo igipimo cy'amakuru kigabanuka gato ku mpera y'uburebure bw'umurambararo wa C (hafi 1565 nm), igipimo cy'amakuru gihamye kandi hafi ya kimwe kiboneka mu tundi duce tw'uburebure bw'umurambararo, kikagera kuri 1.53 Pbit/s nyuma yo gukosora amakosa.