1. Igipfukisho cyo hanze:
1. Ikoti ryo hanze ry’insinga z’imbere muri rusange rikozwe muri polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyethylene, cyangwa polyurethane irinda umuriro (LSZH). Iri koti riraryoshye, rirabagirana, ryoroshye kurikuramo, kandi ryoroshye gukuramo. Ikoti ryo hanze ry’insinga z’imbere ridafite imiterere myiza kandi rikunze gufatana n’imigozi ikomeye n’imigozi ya aramid.
2. Agasanduku k'inyuma k'insinga z'amatara zo hanze kagomba kuba gakozwe muri polyethylene y'umukara yo mu rwego rwo hejuru (HDPE, MDPE). Iyo insinga imaze gukorwa, agasanduku k'inyuma kagomba kuba koroshye, gasa neza, gafite ubugari bumwe, kandi kadafite utubuto. Agasanduku k'inyuma k'insinga z'amatara zo mu rwego rwo hasi gakozwe ahanini mu bikoresho byasubiwemo. Agasanduku k'inyuma k'insinga z'amatara zo mu rwego rwo hasi kaba gakomeye bitewe n'umwanda mwinshi (umukungugu w'ishwagara) mu bikoresho fatizo, bigatuma habaho utwobo twinshi duto mu gasanduku k'inyuma k'insinga. Iyo agasanduku k'inyuma k'insinga z'amatara gahora gahindagurika, kazangirika kagahinduka umweru. Nyuma y'uko insinga z'amatara zishyizweho igihe runaka, agasanduku k'inyuma kazacikamo ibice maze amazi acengeremo.
2. Fiber optique:
Abakora insinga zisanzwe zikora imigozi y'urumuri bakoresha insinga zo mu cyiciro cya A zikomoka ku nganda zikomeye. Insinga zihendutse kandi zidafite ubuziranenge buhagije zikunze gukoresha insinga zo mu cyiciro cya C, icya D, n'izikomoka ku bicuruzwa bitazwi neza. Izi nsinga zifite amasoko akomeye kandi zimaze igihe kinini zivuye mu ruganda. Akenshi ziba zitose kandi zihinduka ibara, kandi insinga zo mu bwoko bwa multimode zikunze kuvangwa n'insinga zo mu bwoko bumwe. Inganda nto muri rusange ntiziba zifite ibikoresho byo gupima bikenewe kandi ntizishobora gusuzuma ubwiza bw'insinga. Izi nsinga ntizimenyekana gusa. Ibibazo bikunze kugaragara mu gihe cyo kuzikora birimo: umurambararo muto cyane n'intera ngufi yo kohereza ibintu; ubugari butaringaniye, gukumira guhuza n'umurizo w'ingurube; no kutagira ubworoherane, bigatuma insinga zishobora kwangirika mu gihe cyo kuzingira.
3. Insinga z'icyuma zikomejwe:
Insinga z'icyuma ziri mu nsinga zisanzwe za fibre optique zo hanze ziba zifite fosifate kandi zifite ubuso bw'ikijuju. Ubu bwoko bw'insinga z'icyuma ntibwongera igihombo cya hydrogen nyuma yo gushyirwaho, ntizigwa ingese, kandi zifite imbaraga nyinshi zo gukurura. Insinga za fibre optique zidafite ubuziranenge bwinshi zikorwa ahanini n'insinga z'icyuma gito cyangwa aluminiyumu. Izi nsinga zishobora kumenyekana bitewe n'uko zisa n'umweru kandi ko zishobora kunama byoroshye iyo zifashwe mu ntoki. Insinga za fibre optique zikozwe muri ubwo bwoko bw'insinga z'icyuma zizatera igihombo cya hydrogen mu gihe kizaza, kandi uko igihe kigenda gihita, impera ebyiri z'udusanduku twa fibre optique zizashiramo ogisijeni kandi zigacika.
4. Umukandara w'icyuma ukozwe mu cyuma:
Inganda zisanzwe zikoresha imirongo y'icyuma ipfundikiye mu buryo burambuye itwikiriwe na pulasitiki ifite impande ebyiri, ipfundikiye kandi irinda ingese. Insinga z'amashanyarazi zikozwe mu byuma bisanzwe, kandi ubusanzwe uruhande rumwe ni rwo rwatunganyijwe kugira ngo hirindwe ingese.
5. Agasanduku k'urukiramende rwa Fiber optique:
Umuyoboro urekuye ukikije fibre optique mu nsinga ya optique ugomba kuba ukozwe mu bikoresho bya PBT. Iki gikoresho gitanga imbaraga nyinshi, kirwanya kwangirika, kandi ntigishaje. Udusanduku tw'insinga duto dusanzwe dukozwe muri PVC. Ingano y'inyuma y'utu dusanduku ni nto cyane kandi yoroshye, iragorana iyo ipfunyitse. Bisa n'ibyatsi byo kunywa kandi ntibitanga uburinzi buhagije kuri fibre optique.
6. Amavuta yo kwisiga ya fibre:
Ifumbire y'umunyu ikoreshwa mu nsinga z'amashanyarazi zo hanze ishobora gukumira imitsi y'ifeza, gutakaza hydrogen, ndetse no gucika kwa fibre optique bitewe n'ubushuhe. Ifumbire y'umunyu ikoreshwa mu nsinga z'amashanyarazi nke cyane, kandi hari uduheri dushobora kugaragara ku maso. Ubundi buryo, ifumbire y'umunyu ikoreshwa, ibyo bigatuma igihe cy'ubuzima cy'insinga z'amashanyarazi kigabanuka cyane.
7. Aramid:
Izwi kandi nka Kevlar, fibre ya aramid ni fibre ikomeye cyane ikoreshwa cyane cyane mu nganda za gisirikare. Ikoreshwa mu gukora ingofero za gisirikare n'amakoti adapfa gutwikirwa n'amasasu. Muri iki gihe, fibre ya aramid iri ku isoko ikomoka cyane cyane ku kimenyetso cy'Abanyamerika cya DuPont. Insinga z'amashanyarazi zo mu nzu n'izo hejuru (ADSS) zikoresha ubudodo bwa aramid nk'inkunga. Bitewe n'igiciro kinini cya aramid (200.000 yuan/toni), insinga z'amashanyarazi zo mu nzu zifite ubuziranenge buke zikunze kugira umurambararo muto cyane wo hanze, ushobora kuzigama ikiguzi binyuze mu kugabanya ingano y'ubudodo bwa aramid bukoreshwa. Ubwo bwoko bw'insinga z'amashanyarazi bworoshye kwangirika iyo bunyuze mu muyoboro.
8. Gushyiramo insinga:
Ifu y'inyuma y'umugozi wa fiber optique ifatanye n'inyuma y'agasanduku ka fiber optique kugira ngo irinde umugozi ubushuhe. Ifu y'inyuma y'umugozi iravangwa neza kandi ntitandukana nyuma yo gukoreshwa igihe kirekire. Mu nsinga z'inyuma z'umugozi zidafite ubuziranenge, ifu y'umugozi irashira cyangwa ifu y'umugozi ikaba idahagije, ibyo bikaba bigira ingaruka ku mikorere y'umugozi idapfa guhumeka.
Ese?
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ugushyingo-17-2023
