1. Fibre ya Multimode
Iyo ingano ya geometrike ya fibre (cyane cyane umurambararo w’ibanze d1) ari nini cyane kuruta uburebure bw’urumuri (hafi 1 µm), hazaba hari uburyo bwinshi cyangwa amagana bwo gukwirakwiza muri fibre. Uburyo butandukanye bwo gukwirakwiza bufite umuvuduko n’ibyiciro bitandukanye byo gukwirakwiza, bigatuma habaho gutinda igihe no kwiyongera kw’amajwi nyuma yo kohereza intera ndende. Iki kintu cyitwa modal dispersion (kizwi kandi nka intermodal dispersion). fibre optique.
Uburyo bwo gukwirakwiza bwa modal buzagabanya umuvuduko w'umuyoboro wa multimode kandi bugabanye ubushobozi bwo kohereza amakuru, bityo fiber ya multimode ikwiriye gusa itumanaho rya fiber optic rifite ubushobozi buke.
Ikwirakwizwa ry'urutonde rw'ibipimo bya refractive rwa fibre ya multimode ahanini ni parabolic, bivuze ko ifite urutonde rw'ibipimo bya refractive. Umurambararo wayo w'ibanze ni hafi 50 µm.
2. Fibre y'uburyo bumwe
Iyo ingano ya fibre (cyane cyane umurambararo w’ibanze) ishobora kuba yegereye uburebure bw’urumuri, urugero, umurambararo w’ibanze d1 uri hagati ya 5-10 µm, fibre yemerera uburyo bumwe gusa (uburyo bw’ibanze HE11) gukwirakwira muri bwo, kandi ubundi buryo bwo hejuru buracibwa; ubwo buryo bwitwa fibres zo mu buryo bumwe.
Kubera ko ifite uburyo bumwe bwo gukwirakwiza kandi ikirinda ikibazo cyo gukwirakwiza uburyo, fibre y’uburyo bumwe ifite uburyo bwagutse cyane kandi ikwiriye cyane cyane itumanaho rya fibre optique rifite ubushobozi bwo hejuru. Kubwibyo, kugira ngo igere ku buryo bumwe bwo gukwirakwiza, ibipimo bya fibre bigomba kuzuza ibisabwa bimwe na bimwe. Bibarwa hakoreshejwe formula ivuga ko kuri fibre ifite NA=0.12, kugira ngo igere ku buryo bumwe bwo gukwirakwiza hejuru ya λ=1.3 µm, radius y’umutima wa fibre igomba kuba ≤4.2 µm, ni ukuvuga umurambararo wayo w’imbere d1≤8.4 µm.
Kubera ko umurambararo w'ibanze wa fibre optique yo mu buryo bumwe ari muto cyane, hari ibisabwa bikomeye bishyirwaho mu ikorwa ryayo.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Mutarama 10-2023
