1. Me pēhea te tuku mārama e ngā muka whatu?
Te whakatinanatanga o te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero e muka whatu E hangai ana ki te mātāpono o te whakaata katoa o te mārama.
Ina horapa te mārama ki waenganui o te muka, ka nui ake te taupū whakaata n1 o te matua muka i tērā o te uhi n2, ā, he iti iho te ngaronga o te matua i tērā o te uhi, nō reira ka whakaata katoatia te mārama, ā, ka tukuna te kaha mārama ki roto i te matua. Nā te whakaata katoa o roto, ka taea te tuku i te mārama mai i tētahi pito ki tētahi pito.
2. Me pēhea te whakarōpūtanga o ngā muka whatu?
Whakarōpūtia e te aratau tuku: muka aratau kotahi me te muka aratau maha.
He iti te diameter o te matua o te muka aratau kotahi, ā, ka taea anake te tuku ngaru mārama i te aratau kotahi.
He nui te diameter o te matua o te muka maha-aratau, ā, ka taea e ia te tuku ngaru mārama i ngā momo maha.
Ka taea hoki e koe te wehewehe i te muka aratau-kotahi mai i te muka aratau-maha mā te tae o tōna āhua:
Ko te nuinga o te muka whatu He koti kōwhai me te hononga kikorangi ngā muka aratau-kotahi, ā, ko te matua taura he 9.0 μm. E rua ngā roangaru matua mō te muka aratau-kotahi: 1310 nm me te 1550 nm. Ko te 1310 nm te tikanga e whakamahia ana mō te tuku tawhiti poto, waenga, roa rānei, ā, ko te 1550 nm mō te tuku tawhiti roa me te tawhiti tino roa. Ko te tawhiti tuku e whakawhirinaki ana ki te kaha tuku o te kōwae whatu. Ko te tawhiti tuku o te tauranga aratau-kotahi 1310 nm he 10 km, 30 km, 40 km, me ētahi atu, ā, ko te tawhiti tuku o te tauranga aratau-kotahi 1550 nm he 40 km, 70 km, 100 km, me ētahi atu.
Ko te nuinga o ngā muka whatu aratau maha he karaka/hina te tae, he pango/parauri te tae, ā, ko te diameter matua he 50.0 μm me te 62.5 μm. Ko te roanga ngaru waenga o te muka aratau maha he 850 nm te tikanga. He poto noa te tawhiti tuku o te muka whatu aratau maha, i te nuinga o te wā kei roto i te 500 m.
Whakarōpūtanga e ai ki ngā paerewa o te ao ITU-T: G.651, G.652, G.653, G.654, G.655, G.656, G.657.
Te wā tuku: 24-Pepuere-2023
