1. Uhi o waho:
1. Ko te uhi o waho o ngā taura whatu o roto he mea hanga i te polyvinyl chloride (PVC), te polyethylene, te polyurethane ātete-mura rānei (LSZH). He maeneene, he kanapa, he ngāwari, ā, he ngāwari ki te tango i te uhi o waho. He kino te āhua o te uhi o waho o ngā taura whatu ngoikore, ā, he ngāwari ki te piri ki te ringaringa piri me ngā muka aramid.
2. Me hanga te uhi o waho o ngā taura whatu o waho ki te polyethylene pango kounga teitei (HDPE, MDPE). Kia oti te hanga o te taura, me maeneene te uhi o waho, me kanapa, kia rite te matotoru, ā, kia kore he mirumiru. Ko te uhi o waho o ngā taura whatu iti iho he mea hanga ki ngā rauemi hangarua. He taratara te uhi o waho o ngā taura whatu iti iho nā te nui o ngā poke (puehu raima) i roto i ngā rauemi mata, ka hua ake he maha ngā kōhao iti i roto i te uhi o waho o te taura. Mena ka piko tonu te uhi o waho o te taura whatu, ka pakaru, ka mā. I muri i te tāutanga o te taura whatu mō tētahi wā, ka pakaru te uhi o waho, ka uru te wai ki roto.
2. Ngā muka whatu:
Ka whakamahia e ngā kaihanga taura whatu paerewa ngā matua muka Akomanga A mai i ngā kaihanga matua. He maha ngā wā ka whakamahia e ngā taura whatu iti te utu, kounga iti ngā muka Akomanga C, Akomanga D, me ngā muka taonga huna kāore i te mōhiotia te pūtake. He uaua ngā pūtake o ēnei muka, ā, kua roa e kore e whakamahia i te wheketere. He maha ngā wā ka makuku, ka memeha te tae, ā, he maha ngā wā ka konatunatua ngā muka maha-aratau ki ngā muka aratau-kotahi. Ko ngā wheketere iti te nuinga o te wā kāore i te whai taputapu whakamātautau e tika ana, ā, kāore e taea te aromatawai i te kounga o ngā muka. Kāore e taea te tautuhi i ēnei muka mā te tirohanga. Ko ngā raruraru noa e pā ana ki te wā hanga ko: he tino whaiti te whānui o te hononga me te poto o te tawhiti tuku; he matotoru kāore i te ōrite, e ārai ana i te hononga ki te hiku poaka; me te kore ngāwari, e ngawari ai te pakaru o te muka i te wā e takai ana.
3. Waea maitai whakapakaritia:
Ko ngā waea rino i roto i ngā taura muka whatu o waho paerewa he mea whakapūkara, ā, he hina te mata. Kāore tēnei momo waea rino e whakanui ake i te ngaronga hauwai i muri i te tāutanga, kāore e waikura, ā, he kaha kume teitei. Ko ngā taura muka whatu kounga iti he mea hanga ki te rino angiangi, ki te konumohe rānei. Ka taea te tautuhi i ēnei mā te āhua mā me te mea ka taea te piko ngāwari ina puritia ki te ringa. Ko ngā taura muka whatu i hangaia ki ēnei momo waea rino ka nui ake te ngaronga hauwai ā muri ake nei, ā, i roto i te wā, ka waikura, ka whati ngā pito e rua o ngā pouaka muka whatu.
4. Whitiki maitai pukupuku:
Ka whakamahia e ngā kaihanga paerewa ngā rīpene maitai kua takaihia ki te roa kua pania ki te kirihou ā-rua, he paraihe, ātete-waikura. Ko ngā taura whatu ngoikore he mea hanga ki ngā rau rino noa, ā, ko te tikanga kotahi anake te taha kua rongoatia hei ārai i te waikura.
5. Anga muka whatu:
Me hanga te ngongo wetewete e karapoti ana i te muka whatu i roto i te taura whatu ki te rauemi PBT. He kaha nui tēnei rauemi, he ātete ki te whakarerekētanga, ā, he ātete ki te tawhito. Ko ngā whare taura whatu iti iho he mea hanga ki te PVC. He tino angiangi, he ngohengohe hoki te diameter o waho o ēnei whare, ka ngāwari te papatahi ina pēhia. He rite ki ngā kakau inu, ā, kāore e whakarato i te tiaki tika mō te muka whatu.
6. Hinu muka:
Ka taea e te whakapiri muka e whakamahia ana i roto i ngā taura whatu o waho te ārai i te rere o te hiriwa, te ngaronga o te hauwai, tae atu ki ngā whati o te muka whatu i puta mai i te makuku. He iti noa iho te whakapiri muka e whakamahia ana i roto i ngā taura whatu ngoikore, ā, tera pea ka kitea ētahi mirumiru e te kanohi tahanga. Heoi anō, ka whakamahia te whakapiri muka ngoikore, ka whakapoto rawa i te roa o te ora o ngā taura muka whatu.
7. Aramid:
E mōhiotia ana ko Kevlar, he muka matū kaha te muka aramid e whakamahia ana i tēnei wā i roto i te umanga hōia. Ka whakamahia hei hanga potae hōia me ngā koti ārai matā. I tēnei wā, ko te muka aramid kei te mākete nō te waitohu Amerikana a DuPont te nuinga. Ko ngā taura whatu o roto me te mana o runga (ADSS) e whakamahi ana i te miro aramid hei whakapakari. Nā te nui o te utu o te aramid (200,000 yuan/tana), ko ngā taura whatu o roto kounga iti he angiangi rawa te diameter o waho, ka taea te penapena utu mā te whakaiti i te nui o te miro aramid e whakamahia ana. Ka ngawari te pakaru o tēnei momo taura whatu ina haere ana i roto i te paipa.
8. Whakapiri taura:
Ka herea te whakapiri muka o waho o te taura muka whatu ki te taha o waho o te ringaringa muka whatu hei tiaki i te taura mai i te makuku. Ka whakaranua te whakapiri taura kounga teitei kia ōrite, ā, kāore e wehea i muri i te whakamahinga roa. Mō ngā taura whatu kounga iti, ka mimiti te whakapiri taura, ka kore rānei e ranea te whakakī, ka pā ki te mahi ātete makuku o te taura.
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Wā tuku: Whiringa-ā-rangi 17-2023
