Fiber na yau da kullun ya sami rikodin duniya na bandwidth, wanda ya zarce jimlar zirga-zirgar intanet a duniya

Wata ƙungiyar bincike daga Cibiyar Bincike ta Ƙasa ta Cibiyar Bayanai da Fasahar Sadarwa ta Japan (NICT) ta sami sabon rikodin bandwidth na duniya na 1.53 Pbit/s akan fiber na gani mai matsakaicin diamita. Wannan yana nufin cewa dukkan zirga-zirgar intanet na duniya za su iya shiga cikinsa.
An bayar da rahoton irin wannan ci gaba makonni biyu da suka gabata: an cimma bandwidth na 1.84 Pbit/s da laser guda ɗaya da guntu na gani guda ɗaya, ƙimar da ta fi ta ICTs, amma matsalar ita ce har yanzu gwaji ne. Kwamfutocin Photonic suna cikin matakin ƙira; saboda haka, za a iya aiwatar da wannan binciken ICT da wuri-wuri.

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Fasaha mai yawa: cimma matsakaicin bandwidth na 1.53 Pbit/s
Masu binciken sun sami damar yin amfani da bandwidth na kimanin 1.53 Pbit/s ta hanyar rubuta bayanai a cikin mitoci daban-daban guda 55 (wani dabara da aka sani da multiplexing). Wannan ya isa ya ɗauki dukkan zirga-zirgar intanet na duniya (wanda aka kiyasta ƙasa da 1 Pbit/s) ta hanyar kebul ɗaya na fiber optic—wanda ya fi tasiri fiye da haɗin Gbit (mafi kyau) sau miliyan fiye da matsakaicin mutum.
Fasahar tana aiki ta hanyar amfani da mitoci daban-daban na haske a fadin bakan. Tunda kowane "launi" a cikin bakan (wanda ake iya gani da wanda ba a iya gani) yana da nasa mitar, ba kamar sauran mitoci ba, yana iya ɗaukar kwararar bayanai masu zaman kansu. Masu binciken sun sami ingantaccen bakan na bits/s/Hz 332 (bits a kowace daƙiƙa a kowace Hertz), sau uku fiye da mafi kyawun ƙoƙarin da suka yi a baya a 2019, wanda ya sami ingantaccen bakan na bits/s/Hz 105.

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Saitin gwaji: Yaɗa bayanai na ƙungiyar C a tsawon tsayi daban-daban na 184
Masu binciken sun yi nasarar watsa bayanai game da C-band a cikin raƙuman ruwa daban-daban guda 184: ana amfani da waɗannan mitoci masu zaman kansu, waɗanda ba sa haɗuwa don aika bayanai a lokaci guda a cikin kebul na fiber optic. Ana daidaita hasken don aika rafuka daban-daban guda 55 (tsarin) bayanai kafin a aika su ta kebul na fiber optic. Da zarar an daidaita shi (kamar yawancin kebul na fiber optic da aka tura a halin yanzu), yana buƙatar core na gilashi don ɗaukar dukkan bayanan. Yayin da aka aika bayanan (wanda ya ƙunshi raƙuman ruwa 184 da yanayi 55), mai karɓar yana fassara raƙuman ruwa da yanayi daban-daban don tattara bayanansa. A cikin gwajin, an ƙayyade nisan da ke tsakanin mai watsawa da mai karɓa a kilomita 25.9.

① Tushen tsefe na gani: Ana samar da masu ɗaukar kaya 184 a cikin tushen tsefe na gani. ② Daidaita sigina: An daidaita mai ɗaukar kaya da siginar QAM 16 da polarization mai yawa. ③ Samar da siginar layi daya: Ana raba siginar kowane yanayi, kuma ana amfani da jinkirin hanya don kwaikwayon kwararar bayanai masu zaman kansu. ④ Mai ninka yanayi: Ana canza kowace sigina zuwa yanayin sarari daban kuma ana aika shi zuwa zaren yanayi 55. ⑤ Zaren yanayi 55: Siginar tana yaduwa a cikin zaren yanayi mai tsawon kilomita 25.9. ⑥ Mai rage siginar yanayi: A wurin mai karɓar, ana raba siginar zuwa kowane yanayin sarari kuma ana canza shi zuwa yanayin asali. ⑦ Mai karɓar layi mai sauri mai sauri: Siginar da aka rage siginar yanayi-ana cire shi ta hanyar tacewa kuma ana canza shi zuwa siginar lantarki ta hanyar mai karɓar layi daya mai hade. ⑧ Gudanar da siginar layi daya. Tsarin MIMO don kawar da tsangwama yayin yaɗa zaren.

Sakamakon gwaji ya nuna cewa duk da cewa saurin bayanai ya ragu kaɗan a ƙarshen tsawon tsayin zangon C (kusan 1565 nm), ana samun ƙimar bayanai mai ɗorewa kuma kusan iri ɗaya a wasu yankuna na tsawon tsayi, wanda ya kai jimillar 1.53 Pbit/s bayan gyara kurakurai.